Variable Spoiler Apparatus of Rear Bumper for Vehicle

ABSTRACT

Disclosed is a variable spoiler apparatus of the rear bumper for vehicles. The variable spoiler apparatus includes a linkage device, to be installed on a bumper back beam, which is able to vary in length in an up-down direction during a rotating operation. A spoiler is coupled to the linkage device and is able to move in the up-down direction by the rotation operation of the linkage device. A first drive device, to be installed on the bumper back beam, includes a first rotating shaft coupled to the linkage device to transmit a rotating force. When the first drive device is operated, the linkage device is rotated by a rotation of the first rotating shaft so that the spoiler is moved in the up-down direction. A second rotating shaft is rotatably coupled to the linkage device. The second rotating shaft is penetrated and connected to a second drive device.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims priority of Korean Patent Application No.10-2016-0151736 filed on Nov. 15, 2016, the entire contents of which isincorporated herein for all purposes by this reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a variable spoiler apparatus of a rearbumper for vehicles.

BACKGROUND

Generally, when vehicles travel at high speeds or turn, the grip forceof rear wheel tires is reduced. The reduction in grip force isdisadvantageous for the vehicle to increase the speed, and causesdeterioration in the driving stability of the vehicle.

To overcome the above-mentioned problems, an air spoiler is installed inthe rear of the vehicle. The air spoiler changes the flow of air passingaround a vehicle so that the pressure of pushing the vehicle can begenerated by the flow of air around the air spoiler, thus increasing thegrip force of the rear wheel tires.

Such an air spoiler is typically installed on the rear end of a vehicle.In this regard, the degree of freedom in design is limited. Once the airspoiler has been installed, it is difficult to change the design. In thecase where the air spoiler is applied to a high-quality vehicle, thereis a problem in that the design quality may deteriorate due to theinstallation of the air spoiler.

As such, the air spoiler is limited as a technique for improving theaerodynamic performance to enhance the fuel efficiency and drivingstability of the vehicle. There is a problem in that the shape of thevehicle or the specifications of the air spoiler must be changed toadditionally improve the aerodynamic performance.

The foregoing is intended merely to aid in the understanding of thebackground of the present invention, and is not intended to mean thatthe present invention falls within the purview of the related art thatis already known to those skilled in the art.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind theabove problems occurring in the related art, and the present inventionis intended to propose a variable spoiler apparatus of a rear bumper fora vehicle which is housed in the lower portion of the rear bumper and,as needed, is extracted downward from the rear bumper so as to controlthe air flow, thus making it possible to enhance the driving stabilityand aerodynamic performance of the vehicle.

According to one aspect, there is provided a variable spoiler apparatusof a rear bumper for a vehicle, including: a linkage device installed ona bumper back beam and configured to vary in length in an up-downdirection during a rotating operation; a spoiler coupled to the linkagedevice and configured to be moved in the up-down direction by rotationof the linkage device; a first drive device installed on the bumper backbeam and provided with a first rotating shaft coupled to the linkagedevice to transmit rotating force, the first drive device beingconfigured such that, when the first drive device is operated, thelinkage device is rotated by rotation of the first rotating shaft sothat the spoiler is moved in the up-down direction; a second rotatingshaft rotatably coupled to the linkage device so that, when the linkageis rotated, the second rotating shaft is moved in the up-down directionalong with the rotation of the linkage device; and a second drivedevice, to which the second rotating shaft is penetrated and connectedso that, when the linkage device is rotated, the second drive device ismoved in the up-down direction, the second drive device being providedwith a length-variable unit coupled to an end of the spoiler so that,when the second drive device is operated, the spoiler is tilted by alength variation operation of the length-variable unit.

The linkage device may include: a fixing bracket fixed to the bumperback beam, and to which the first rotating shaft is penetrated andconnected; a drive link including a first end that is installed on thefixing bracket and coupled with the first rotating shaft so that thedrive link rotates along with the first rotating shaft; a support linkincluding a first end rotatably coupled to the fixing bracket through aconnection link, and a second end rotatably coupled to the spoiler; anda driven link including a first end rotatably coupled to the drive link,and a second end rotatably coupled to the second link of the supportlink.

The drive link and the driven link may be configured such that, when thespoiler is completely moved downward, the drive link and the driven linkthat have been in a folded state are unfolded to have an approximatelyvertical orientation.

The driven link may extend from the first end thereof to the second endin a curved shape.

The connection link may be rotatably coupled at a first end thereof tothe fixing bracket, and be rotatably coupled at a second end thereof tothe first end of the support link, and the connection link may comprisea plurality of connection links provided parallel with each other.

The linkage device may be configured such that the drive link, thedriven link, the connection link and the support link are unfolded toform a triangular shape when the spoiler is completely moved downward.

The first drive device may include: a first motor installed on a backbeam bracket fixed on the bumper back beam and configured to transmitrotating force; and a first rotating shaft extending in oppositedirections from the first motor, and penetrated into the fixing bracketand connected to the drive link.

The second rotating shaft may be rotatably coupled to the first end ofthe support link. The second drive device may be provided with anup-down movable member to which the second rotating shaft is penetratedand rotatably coupled, the up-down movable member being coupled with thelength-variable unit coupled to the spoiler.

The length-variable unit may include: a rotating bracket rotatablyinstalled on the end of the spoiler; a second motor installed on theup-down movable member and configured to transmit rotating force; and aconnection shaft extending from the second motor and threadedly coupledto the rotating bracket so that, when the second motor is operated, therotating bracket is moved in the up-down direction by rotation of theconnection shaft.

The bumper back beam may be installed in a rear of the vehicle. When thespoiler is moved downward, the spoiler may be extracted forward in adiagonal direction.

The length-variable unit of the first drive device may be coupled to afront end of the spoiler.

In a variable spoiler apparatus of a rear bumper for vehicles accordingto the present invention, a spoiler is housed in a lower portion of therear bumper and, as needed, is extracted downward from the rear bumperso as to control the air flow, thus making it possible to enhance thedriving stability and aerodynamic performance of the vehicle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other objects, features and other advantages of thepresent invention will be more clearly understood from the followingdetailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a variable spoiler apparatusof a rear bumper for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views illustrating the operation of thevariable spoiler apparatus of the rear bumper for vehicles shown in FIG.1; and

FIGS. 4 to 6 are side views illustrating the operation of the variablespoiler apparatus of the rear bumper for vehicles shown in FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

The present invention relates to a variable spoiler apparatus of a rearbumper for vehicles which is moved downward or upward under a rearbumper so as to control the air current.

Hereinafter, a variable spoiler apparatus of a rear bumper for vehiclesaccording to embodiments of the present invention will be described withreference to the attached drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a variable spoiler apparatusof a rear bumper for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the presentinvention. FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views illustrating theoperation of the variable spoiler apparatus of the rear bumper forvehicles shown in FIG. 1. FIGS. 4 to 6 are side views illustrating theoperation of the variable spoiler apparatus of the rear bumper forvehicles shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the variable spoiler apparatus of the rear bumperfor vehicles according to an embodiment of the present inventionincludes: a linkage device loo which is installed on a bumper back beam10 and configured to vary in length in an up-down direction during arotating operation; a spoiler 200 which is coupled to the linkage device100 and configured to be moved upward or downward by the rotation of thelinkage device 100; a first drive device 300 which is installed on thebumper back beam 10 and provided with a first rotating shaft 340 coupledto the linkage device loo to transmit rotating force, and which isconfigured such that, when the first drive device 300 is operated, thelinkage device 100 is rotated by the rotation of the first rotatingshaft 340 so that the spoiler 200 is moved upward or downward; a secondrotating shaft 400 which is rotatably coupled to the linkage device 100so that when the linkage device 100 is rotated, the second rotatingshaft 400 is moved in the up-down direction along with the rotation ofthe linkage device 100; and a second drive device 500 to which thesecond rotating shaft 400 is penetrated and connected so that, when thelinkage device 100 is rotated, the second drive device 500 is moved inthe up-down direction, and which is provided with a length-variable unit520 connected to an end of the spoiler 200 so that, when the seconddrive device 500 is operated, the spoiler 200 is tilted by a lengthvariation operation of the length-variable unit 520.

As such, embodiments of the present invention are formed of the linkagedevice 100, the spoiler 200, the first drive device 300, the secondrotating shaft 400, and the second drive device 500. The linkage device100 may be provided to have a symmetrical structure on opposite sides ofthe spoiler 200. The linkage device 100 is fixed to the bumper back beam10. The bumper back beam 10 may be a bumper back beam 10 that isprovided on a rear bumper. The linkage device wo may be formed of aplurality of links and configured such that, when the links are rotatedand thus folded or unfolded, the length of the linkage device 100 variesin the up-down direction.

The spoiler 200 is connected to the linkage device 100 so that thespoiler 200 moves upward or downward as the length of the linkage device100 varies in the up-down direction. In an original state, the spoiler200 is housed in a bumper cover 20 provided on the bumper back beam 10.When the spoiler 200 is moved downward from the bumper cover 20 anddisposed below the bumper cover 20, the spoiler 200 can be used tocontrol the air flow. The spoiler 200 may be formed in a shape capableof appropriately controlling the air flow when the spoiler 200 is in anexposed state below the rear bumper. The shape of the spoiler 200 maychange in various ways depending on the types of vehicles.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the firstdrive device 300 is provided. The first drive device 300 controls therotation of the linkage device 100 so as to embody the upward ordownward movement of the spoiler 200. In detail, the first drive device300 is installed on the bumper back beam 10 and provided with the firstrotating shaft 340 that is coupled to the linkage device 100 to transmitrotating force. When the first drive device 300 is operated, the linkagedevice 100 is rotated by the rotation of the first rotating shaft 340 sothat the spoiler 200 is moved upward or downward. As such, the firstdrive device 300 transmits rotating force to the linkage device 100through the first rotating shaft 340. That is, depending on whether thefirst drive device 300 is in operation, the linkage device 100 isrotated so that the spoiler 200 is moved upward or downward and thusretracted into the bumper cover 20 or extracted therefrom.

Particularly, to embody the function of controlling the air flow, thespoiler 200 according to embodiments of the present invention may notonly be moved upward or downward but may also be tilted.

For this, the second drive device 500 is coupled to the second rotatingshaft 400 connected to the linkage device 100 so that, when the linkagedevice 100 is rotated by the operation of the first drive device 300,the second drive device 500 is moved upward or downward along with thesecond rotating shaft 400. Furthermore, the second drive device 500 isconnected to the spoiler 200 through the length-variable unit 520 sothat when the second drive device 500 is operated, the spoiler 200 canbe tilted. That is, the second drive device 500, the length-variableunit 520 of which is connected to the spoiler 200, is coupled to thelinkage device 100, so that the second drive device 500 moves followingthe rotating operation of the linkage device 100. Therefore, when thespoiler 200 is moved upward or downward by the operation of the firstdrive device 300, the second drive device 500 is moved upward ordownward along with the spoiler 200. For example, after the second drivedevice 500 along with the spoiler 200 has been moved downward, when thelength-variable unit 520 coupled to the end of the spoiler 200 isoperated, the spoiler 200 can be tilted by variation in length of thelength-variable unit 520. As such, when the spoiler 200 is moved upwardor downward by the rotation of the linkage device 100 as the firstrotating shaft 340 is rotated by the operation of the first drive device300, the second drive device 500 is moved along with the spoiler 200 inthe same direction. Because the length-variable unit 520 is connected tothe end of the spoiler 200, the end of the spoiler 200 can be pulled orpushed upward or downward by variation in length of the length-variableunit 520. In this way, the spoiler 200 can be tilted.

As such, the spoiler 200 according to embodiments of the presentinvention is moved upward or downward and housed into the rear bumper orextracted therefrom depending on the operation of the first drive device300. When in the extracted state, the spoiler 200 is tilted by theoperation of the second drive device 500 so as to control the aircurrent.

The present invention will be described in more detail below. As shownin FIGS. 1 to 3, the linkage device 100 includes: a fixing bracket 110which is fixed to the bumper back beam 10, and to which the firstrotating shaft 340 is penetrated and connected; a drive link 130 a firstend of which is installed on the fixing bracket 110 and connected to thefirst rotating shaft 340 so that the drive link 130 can be rotated alongwith the first rotating shaft 340; a support link 170 a first end ofwhich is rotatably connected to the fixing bracket 110 through aconnection link 150, and a second end of which is rotatably connected tothe spoiler 200; and a driven link 190 a first end of which is rotatablyconnected to the drive link 130, and a second end of which is rotatablyconnected to the second end of the support link 170.

The linkage device 100 having the above-mentioned configuration forms alink structure formed of the drive link 130, the connection link 150,the support link 170 and the driven link 190 which connect the fixingbracket 110 with the spoiler 200. That is, the first rotating shaft 340extending from the first motor 320 is penetrated and connected to thefixing bracket 110. The first end of the drive link 130 is rotatablyconnected to the fixing bracket 110 such that the drive link 130 isrotated along with the first rotating shaft 340. Thus, when the firstmotor 320 is operated, the first rotating shaft 340 is rotated, wherebythe drive link 130 is rotated. The first end of the driven link 190 isconnected to a second end of the drive link 130. The second end of thedriven link 190 is rotatably connected to the second end of the supportlink 170. The second end of the support link 170 is hinged to thespoiler 200 so as to be rotatable. Thus, when the first motor 320 isoperated, the spoiler 200 can be moved by rotation of the drive link130, the driven link 190 and the support link 170. In this regard, thespoiler 200 must be moved upward or downward with respect to the bumperback beam 10. For this, the connection link 150 is rotatably connectedto the fixing bracket 110 and the first end of the support link 170.Thereby, when the first motor 320 is operated, the drive link 130 andthe driven link 190 are rotated, thus pushing the support link 170,wherein the support link 170 is guided in the up-down direction by theconnection link 150 connected to the fixing bracket 110 and the supportlink 170.

Consequently, the spoiler 200 can be moved in the up-down direction bythe drive link 130, the driven link 190, the support link 170 and theconnection link 150 that constitute the linkage device 100. All of thelinks constituting the linkage device 100 are hinged to each other so asto be rotatable relative to each other.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the drive link 130 and the driven link 190may be configured such that, when the spoiler 200 is completely moveddownward from the folded stated, the drive link 130 and the driven link190 are unfolded to have an approximately vertical orientation.

As such, when the spoiler 200 is completely moved downward, the drivelink 130 and the driven link 190 are unfolded to an angle close to thevertical orientation. Thus, the drive link 130 and the driven link 190are maintained at an angle close to an angle perpendicular to thespoiler 200 so that the support force of the drive link 130 and thedriven link 190 can be reliably secured while the spoiler 200 is in thedownwardly moved state.

Particularly, since the driven link 190 extends from the first endthereof to the second end in a curved shape, the driven link 190 can besmoothly rotated when the drive link 130 rotates. In detail, as shown inFIGS. 2 and 5, the driven link 190 extends to be curved in the directionin which the drive link 130 rotates. Thus, when the drive link 130rotates to move the spoiler 200 downward, the driven link 190 can easilyreceive the rotating force in the direction in which the drive link 130rotates, whereby the driven link 190 can smoothly rotate in apredetermined direction following the direction in which the drive link130 rotates.

The connection link 150 is rotatably connected at a first end thereof tothe fixing bracket 110, and is rotatably connected at a second endthereof to the first end of the support link 170. A plurality ofconnection links 150 may be provided to be parallel with each other. Thefirst end of the connection link 150 is hinged to the fixing bracket 110so as to be rotatable, and the second end thereof is hinged to the firstend of the support link 170 so as to be rotatable. Thus, when the firstmotor 320 is operated, the connection link 150 makes the drive link 130,the driven link 190 and the support link 170 rotate in predetermineddirections with respect to the up-down direction. Particularly, theconnection link 150 is connected to the fixing bracket 110 and thesupport link 170 and thus supports the spoiler 200 connected to thesupport link 170. Given this, it is preferable that the connection link150 have the strength sufficient to overcome the force caused byvehicle-induced wind applied to the spoiler 200. For this, a pluralityof connection links 150 may be provided so that the spoiler 200 can bereliably maintained in the correct position even when vehicle-inducedwind is applied to the spoiler 200 while the vehicle travels. Theplurality of connection links 150 are disposed parallel with each otherso that the connection links 150 can be smoothly rotated, and uniformlydistribute and support a load applied thereto.

As shown in FIG. 5, the linkage device 100 is configured such that thedrive link 130, the driven link 190, the connection link 150 and thesupport link 170 are unfolded to form a triangular shape when thespoiler 200 is completely moved downward.

As such, if the spoiler 200 is completely moved downward, the drive link130 and the driven link 190 are unfolded in an approximately linearshape, and the connection link 150 and the support link 170 form apredetermined angle therebetween and have a triangular shape, wherebythe linkage device 100 can stably support the spoiler 200 against a loadapplied to the spoiler 200 when the vehicle travels. For this, the drivelink 130, the driven link 190, the connection link 150 and the supportlink 170 may have different lengths.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the first drive device 300 may include: thefirst motor 320 which is installed on a back beam bracket 15 fixed onthe bumper back beam 10 so as to transmit rotating force; and the firstrotating shaft 340 which extends in opposite directions from the firstmotor 320 and is penetrated into the fixing bracket 110 and connected tothe drive link 130.

That is, the first motor 320 is fixed in position because it isinstalled on the back beam bracket 15 fixed to the bumper back beam 10.The first rotating shaft 340 extending in the opposite directions fromthe first motor 320 is penetrated and connected to the fixing bracket110 of the linkage device loft In this regard, the first rotating shaft340 is rotatably connected to the fixing bracket 110, and the drive link130 is connected to the first rotating shaft 340 on the fixing bracket110, whereby the drive link 130 and the first rotating shaft 340 rotatetogether.

Preferably, the first motor 320 is provided with a gear set having apredetermined reduction ratio, so that the predetermined reduction ratiois applied between the first motor 320 and the spoiler 200 by the gearset, whereby the spoiler 200 can be reliably maintained at apredetermined position in a housed or extracted state. In addition, whenthe spoiler 200 is in the extracted state, even if the rotating force ofthe first motor 320 is not transmitted to the spoiler 200, the gear setmay support the spoiler 200 against a load of air regardless of theangle at which the extracted spoiler 200 is oriented.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the second rotating shaft 400 is rotatablycoupled to the first end of the support link 170. The second drivedevice 500 includes an up-down movable member 540 to which the secondrotating shaft 400 is penetrated and connected so as to be rotatable.The up-down movable member 540 is connected with the length-variableunit 520 coupled to the spoiler 200.

In detail, the support link 170 is connected with the drive link 130,the driven link 190 and the connection link 150 so that the support link170 can be moved upward or downward along with the spoiler 200 by theoperation of the first drive device 300. Because the second rotatingshaft 400 is coupled to the support link 170, the second rotating shaft400 is moved upward or downward along with the spoiler 200 when thesupport link 170 is moved upward or downward.

The up-down movable member 540 of the second drive device 500 isrotatably coupled to the second rotating shaft 400. Thus, when the firstdrive device 300 is operated, the up-down movable member 540 is movedupward or downward along with the second rotating shaft 400. As such,the up-down movable member 540 is rotatably coupled to the secondrotating shaft 400, so that, in response to the rotation of the linkagedevice 100 when the spoiler 200 is moved upward or downward, the up-downmovable member 540 is rotated along with the linkage device 100, wherebyrotational clearance can be absorbed, and the spoiler 200 and theup-down movable member 540 can be smoothly moved upward or downward.

The length-variable unit 520 installed on the up-down movable member 540includes: a rotating bracket 522 which is rotatably installed on the endof the spoiler 200; a second motor 524 which is installed on the up-downmovable member 540 and transmits rotating force; and a connection shaft526 which extends from the second motor 524 and is threadedly coupled tothe rotating bracket 522 so that, when the second motor 524 is operated,the rotating bracket 522 is moved upward or downward by rotation of theconnection shaft 526.

The connection shaft 526 may be rotatably coupled to a separate bracketfixed on the end of the spoiler 200. The second motor 524 may be formedof a reversible motor to transmit the rotating force. In particular, theconnection shaft 526, which extends from the second motor 524 and isrotated by the rotating force transmitted from the second motor 524, maybe formed of a lead screw. A tap hole may be formed in the rotatingbracket 522 so that the connection shaft 526 is threadedly coupled withthe rotating bracket 522. Thus, when the connection shaft 526 is rotatedby the operation of the second motor 524, the rotating bracket 522 canmove in the longitudinal direction of the connection shaft 526 along thethread of the connection shaft 526. Therefore, when the second motor 524of the length-variable unit 520 is operated, the rotating bracket 522 ismoved by the rotation of the connection shaft 526. Because the rotatingbracket 522 is coupled with the end of the spoiler 200, the spoiler 200can be tilted in a predetermined direction depending on the direction inwhich the rotating bracket 522 moves.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the bumperback beam 10 may be installed in the rear of the vehicle and thusapplied to the rear bumper. When the spoiler 200 is moved downward, itis extracted forward in a diagonal direction so as to prevent thespoiler 200 from being excessively exposed from the rear bumper. Thedirection in which the spoiler 200 is extracted when moved downward maybe determined depending on the connection structure of the linkagedevice 100.

Furthermore, the length-variable unit 520 of the first drive device 300is coupled to the front end of the spoiler 200. Thus, as the front endof the spoiler 200 is moved upward or downward by variation in length ofthe length-variable unit 520, the spoiler 200 can be tilted in adirection.

In addition, the first drive device 300 is disposed ahead of the seconddrive device 500. Thus, when the first drive device 300 is operated, thesecond drive device 500 moves upward or downward along with the spoiler200. The angle at which the spoiler 200 is tilted can be controlled bythe operation of the second drive device 500.

The first motor 320 and the second motor 524 each may be controlled by acontroller. Depending on the speed of the vehicle or whether the vehicleis turning, the first motor 320 and the second motor 524 are selectivelyoperated so that the air current can be controlled corresponding to thedriving conditions of the vehicle.

Hereinbelow, the operation of an embodiment of the present inventionwill be described.

In the state in which the spoiler 200 is housed, as shown in FIG. 4, thefirst motor 320 of the first drive device 300 is not operated, and thedrive link 130 and the driven link 190 that are coupled with the firstrotating shaft 340 are in the folded state, whereby the spoiler 200 ismaintained in the state in which it is housed in the bumper cover 20.

In this state, if the first motor 320 is operated, as shown in FIG. 5,the drive link 130 is rotated interlocking with the first rotating shaft340, whereby the driven link 190 is rotated. Thus, the support link 170coupled with the driven link 190 is guided by the connection link 150and rotated downward. Consequently, the spoiler 200 connected to thesupport link 170 is moved downward. Then, the second rotating shaft 400coupled to the support link 170 is moved along with the support link170, so that the second drive device 500 installed on the secondrotating shaft 400 is moved downward along with the spoiler 200.

As shown in FIG. 6, after the spoiler 200 and the second drive device500 have been moved downward, when the second motor 524 is operated, theconnection shaft 526 is rotated, so that the rotating bracket 522 movesalong the thread of the connection shaft 526. As a result, the spoiler200 coupled to the rotating bracket 522 is tilted.

As having described, in a variable spoiler apparatus of a rear bumperfor vehicles according to embodiments of the present invention, aspoiler is housed in a lower portion of the rear bumper and, as needed,is extracted downward from the rear bumper so as to control the airflow, thus making it possible to enhance the driving stability andaerodynamic performance of the vehicle.

Although an embodiment of the present invention has been described forillustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate thatvarious modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, withoutdeparting from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in theaccompanying claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A variable spoiler apparatus of a rear bumper fora vehicle, the variable spoiler apparatus comprising: a linkage deviceconfigured to be installed on a bumper back beam and configured to varyin length in an up-down direction during a rotating operation; a spoilercoupled to the linkage device and configured to be moved in the up-downdirection by the rotation operation of the linkage device; a first drivedevice configured to be installed on the bumper back beam, the firstdrive device comprising a first rotating shaft coupled to the linkagedevice to transmit a rotating force, the first drive device beingconfigured such that, when the first drive device is operated, thelinkage device is rotated by a rotation of the first rotating shaft sothat the spoiler is moved in the up-down direction; a second rotatingshaft rotatably coupled to the linkage device, wherein when the linkagedevice is rotated, the second rotating shaft is moved in the up-downdirection along with the rotation of the linkage device; and a seconddrive device, to which the second rotating shaft is penetrated andconnected, wherein when the linkage device is rotated, the second drivedevice is moved in the up-down direction, wherein the second drivedevice comprises a length-variable unit coupled to an end of thespoiler, and wherein when the second drive device is operated, thespoiler is tilted by a length variation operation of the length-variableunit.
 2. The variable spoiler apparatus according to claim 1, whereinthe linkage device comprises: a fixing bracket configured to be fixed tothe bumper back beam, and to which the first rotating shaft ispenetrated and connected; a drive link including a first end that isinstalled on the fixing bracket and coupled with the first rotatingshaft so that the drive link rotates along with the first rotatingshaft; a support link including a first end rotatably coupled to thefixing bracket through a connection link, and a second end rotatablycoupled to the spoiler; and a driven link including a first endrotatably coupled to the drive link, and a second end rotatably coupledto the second link of the support link.
 3. The variable spoilerapparatus according to claim 2, wherein the drive link and the drivenlink are configured such that, when the spoiler is completely moveddownward, the drive link and the driven link that have been in a foldedstate are unfolded to have an approximately vertical orientation.
 4. Thevariable spoiler apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the driven linkextends from the first end thereof to the second end in a curved shape.5. The variable spoiler apparatus according to claim 2, wherein theconnection link is rotatably coupled at a first end thereof to thefixing bracket, and is rotatably coupled at a second end thereof to thefirst end of the support link, and the connection link comprises aplurality of connection links provided parallel with each other.
 6. Thevariable spoiler apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the linkagedevice is configured such that the drive link, the driven link, theconnection link and the support link are unfolded to form a triangularshape when the spoiler is completely moved downward.
 7. The variablespoiler apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first drive devicecomprises: a first motor installed on a back beam bracket configured tobe fixed on the bumper back beam and configured to transmit rotatingforce; and a first rotating shaft extending in opposite directions fromthe first motor, and penetrated into the fixing bracket and connected tothe drive link.
 8. The variable spoiler apparatus according to claim 2,wherein the second rotating shaft is rotatably coupled to the first endof the support link, and wherein the second drive device is providedwith an up-down movable member to which the second rotating shaft ispenetrated and rotatably coupled, the up-down movable member beingcoupled with the length-variable unit coupled to the spoiler.
 9. Thevariable spoiler apparatus according to claim 8, wherein thelength-variable unit comprises: a rotating bracket rotatably installedon the end of the spoiler; a second motor installed on the up-downmovable member and configured to transmit rotating force; and aconnection shaft extending from the second motor and threadedly coupledto the rotating bracket so that, when the second motor is operated, therotating bracket is moved in the up-down direction by rotation of theconnection shaft.
 10. The variable spoiler apparatus according to claim1, wherein the bumper back beam is configured to be installed in a rearof the vehicle, and when the spoiler is moved downward, the spoiler isextracted forward in a diagonal direction.
 11. The variable spoilerapparatus according to claim 1, wherein the length-variable unit of thefirst drive device is coupled to a front end of the spoiler.
 12. Avehicle with a variable rear spoiler apparatus, the variable rearspoiler comprising: a linkage device installed on a bumper back beam andconfigured to vary in length in a vertical direction during a rotatingoperation of the linkage device; a spoiler coupled to the linkage deviceand configured to be moved in the vertical direction by the rotationoperation of the linkage device; a first drive device installed on thebumper back beam, the first drive device comprising a first rotatingshaft coupled to the linkage device to transmit a rotating force, thefirst drive device being configured such that, when the first drivedevice is operated, the linkage device is rotated by a rotation of thefirst rotating shaft so that the spoiler is moved in the verticaldirection; a second rotating shaft rotatably coupled to the linkagedevice, wherein when the linkage device is rotated, the second rotatingshaft is moved in the vertical direction along with the rotation of thelinkage device; and a second drive device, to which the second rotatingshaft is penetrated and connected, wherein when the linkage device isrotated, the second drive device is moved in the vertical direction,wherein the second drive device comprising a length-variable unitcoupled to an end of the spoiler, and wherein when the second drivedevice is operated, the spoiler is tilted by a length variationoperation of the length-variable unit.
 13. The vehicle according toclaim 12, wherein the linkage device comprises: a fixing bracket fixedto the bumper back beam, and to which the first rotating shaft ispenetrated and connected; a drive link including a first end that isinstalled on the fixing bracket and coupled with the first rotatingshaft so that the drive link rotates along with the first rotatingshaft; a support link including a first end rotatably coupled to thefixing bracket through a connection link, and a second end rotatablycoupled to the spoiler; and a driven link including a first endrotatably coupled to the drive link, and a second end rotatably coupledto the second link of the support link.
 14. The vehicle according toclaim 13, wherein the drive link and the driven link are configured suchthat, when the spoiler is completely moved downward, the drive link andthe driven link that have been in a folded state are unfolded to have anapproximately vertical orientation.
 15. The vehicle according to claim13, wherein the driven link extends from the first end thereof to thesecond end in a curved shape.
 16. The vehicle according to claim 13,wherein the connection link is rotatably coupled at a first end thereofto the fixing bracket, and is rotatably coupled at a second end thereofto the first end of the support link, and the connection link comprisesa plurality of connection links provided parallel with each other. 17.The vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the first drive devicecomprises: a first motor installed on a back beam bracket fixed on thebumper back beam and configured to transmit the rotating force; and afirst rotating shaft extending in opposite directions from the firstmotor, and penetrated into the fixing bracket and connected to the drivelink.
 18. The vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the second rotatingshaft is rotatably coupled to the first end of the support link, andwherein the second drive device is provided with an vertical movablemember to which the second rotating shaft is penetrated and rotatablycoupled, the vertical movable member being coupled with thelength-variable unit coupled to the spoiler.
 19. The vehicle accordingto claim 18, wherein the length-variable unit comprises: a rotatingbracket rotatably installed on the end of the spoiler; a second motorinstalled on the vertical movable member and configured to transmit therotating force; and a connection shaft extending from the second motorand threadedly coupled to the rotating bracket so that, when the secondmotor is operated, the rotating bracket is moved in the verticaldirection by rotation of the connection shaft.
 20. A method of operatinga variable rear spoiler apparatus of a rear bumper for a vehicle, themethod comprising: transmitting a rotating force by rotating a firstrotating shaft of a first drive device, the first drive device beinginstalled on a bumper back beam; rotating a linkage device installed ona bumper back beam, the linkage device having a length varying in avertical direction during the rotating of the linkage device, whereinthe first rotating shaft is coupled to the linkage device; providing aspoiler coupled to the linkage device and moving the spoiler in thevertical direction by the rotating of the linkage device; providing asecond rotating shaft rotatably coupled to the linkage device; movingthe second rotating shaft in the vertical direction along with therotation of the linkage device; and providing a second drive device towhich the second rotating shaft is penetrated and connected, wherein thesecond drive device comprising a length-variable unit coupled to an endof the spoiler; moving, when the linkage device is rotated, the seconddrive device in the vertical direction; and tilting, when the seconddrive device is operated, the spoiler by a length variation operation ofthe length-variable unit.